JPMorgan In Battle to Integrate Bear Stearns Staff
Thursday, March 27, 2008
JPMorgan Chase & Co's (JPM) biggest test in integrating Bear Stearns Cos (BSC) may be making sure there's still something left to join together. An exodus of Bear employees, who could take their unsettled clients with them, may further erode what value is left at the fallen investment bank."The people who make money for Bear Stearns get in the elevator and leave every night," said David Hinkel, who advises companies on merger integration issues for consulting firm Towers Perrin. "Due to the nature of the business, the people are the business."
People Problems
Encouraging and keeping Bear's 14,000 employees, which jointly lost an estimated $3 billion on their Bear holdings over the past month as the investment bank collapsed, is a big problem for JPMorgan. CEO Jamie Dimon has allegedly phoned rival Wall Street firms and warned them to back off.
On March 24, 2008, JPMorgan raised its offer for Bear, which last year traded above $170 a share, to about $10 a share in stock. The original bid on March 16 was about $2 a share. JPMorgan also struck a deal to buy 95 million new Bear shares, a stake of 39.5%.
In total, the deal will cost JPMorgan roughly $9 billion in stock, transaction-related costs, and potential losses from Bear's portfolio. The revised offer was intended to seal the deal and encourage Bear clients and employees to stay put. But employees are facing massive layoffs, with media reports saying up to half of Bear's staff could get cut.
While doubts about the future of Bear businesses at JPMorgan persist, the bank has decided to integrate Bear's prime brokerage and clearing operations. It is also keen on keeping the retail brokerage business, which will continue to operate under the Bear name, according to people familiar with JPMorgan's plans.
"Uncertainty breeds fear. People are going to start to vote with their feet," said Towers Perrin's Hinkel.
"You'll have an initial wave of talent that will walk out of the organization immediately. The bigger concern is the second wave of people who will potentially leave six months from now. The longer this goes on, the greater the risk of talent flight will be."
Pay to Stay
In a attempt to keep Bear employees, JPMorgan is offering packages to keep them from leaving. Most bankers who are offered jobs by JPMorgan would receive a bonus in JPMorgan stock that matches their last bonus at Bear. Employees who are not offered jobs will receive a cash bonus of at least 30% of their 2007 compensation if they stay through the completion of the deal, according to people familiar with the situation.
Top-performing retail brokers are due to receive a bonus of as much as 100% of their annual production; 75% in cash and 25% in stock. Another bonus is in the cards if their output rises over the following three years, another person close to the situation said.
But some have already left. Morgan Stanley hired several Bear brokers and wealth managers over the last few days, according to a person familiar with the situation, and recruiters have been aggressively targeting Bear talent.
On March 26, 2008, Bear Stearns asked a New York state court to force five former employees to return client lists or papers they had taken. The court was also asked to prevent the five from contacting Bear clients for the purpose of taking their business to their new employers UBS AG and Morgan Stanley.
JPMorgan and Bear Stearns are organized very differently; Bear has a flatter and more entrepreneurial structure, experts say. Bridging those cultural differences will be a challenge, but one that JPMorgan and Dimon are considered capable of handling.